conforme prometido, provando desta forma onde está o inventor/mentiroso e o tacanho:
A Culture of Secrecy and Fear
The secrecy that surrounded the Manhattan Project continued with the start of the Cold War. In 1945 the Allies discovered that the Soviet Union had extensively spied on the project. In late 1949 the British arrested physicist Klaus Fuchs, who had spent time in Los Alamos as part of the British mission. Fuchs eventually confessed to handing over secret data to the Soviets on several occasions, including an exact description of the Trinity Site bomb, as well as early research on the hydrogen bomb. Since Fuchs was then a naturalized British citizen, he was tried in Britain for espionage and in 1950 sentenced to 14 years in prison. Fear that he had assisted a Soviet H-bomb program helped push America to make the political decision to develop hydrogen weapons.
The 1950s also produced two other nuclear-related trials. The first involved Julius and Ethel Rosenberg. Ethel’s brother, David Greenglass, had worked as a machinist at Los Alamos and had passed crude drawings of atomic bombs to Julius, who gave them to a Soviet courier. When the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) helped crack the Fuchs case, they discovered the Rosenberg/Greenglass espionage, and after a controversial trial, the Rosenbergs were executed in 1953. Later disclosures, following the demise of the Soviet Union, revealed that only Julius Rosenberg had met with the Soviet courier. Opinion remains divided today over whether the Rosenbergs received a fair trial in the anti-Communist witch-hunt hysteria of the time and whether the death penalty was merited, considering that it is rarely invoked in espionage cases in Western countries and considering the questionable usefulness of the information passed to the Soviets. Also debated is the question of whether the prosecution had charged Ethel, despite scant evidence against her, merely in an attempt to gain a confession from Julius.
Shortly after the execution of the Rosenbergs, Oppenheimer faced a trial of his own when he was brought before a board of inquiry of the Atomic Energy Commission to explain his early radical political past and to justify his opposition to America’s development of the hydrogen bomb. Oppenheimer’s left-wing political links had been no secret. Groves knew of them in 1943 but appointed Oppenheimer director of Los Alamos anyway. Yet by the 1950s the fear engendered by the anti-Communist hysteria of the time had made it seem that anyone with left-wing views was a security risk. The board of inquiry voted to remove Oppenheimer’s security clearance, in effect barring him from any further work on atomic-related programs. Given his contribution to the Manhattan Project, Oppenheimer felt hurt and betrayed. The nation’s scientific community split down the middle on the justice of this decision, and the hard feelings did not fade for a generation.
espero desta forma contribuir para iluminar alguns neuronios que de tão brilhantes se julgarem, ofuscam-se a eles mesmos.
http://encarta.msn.com/text_701610456__1/Manhattan_Project.html
deixo o desafio ao dono da verdade o palpite de quem me enviou os links.
para leitura e esclarecimentos:
http://www.amazon.com/Los-Alamos-Beginning-Era-1943-1945/dp/0941232077
http://www.amazon.com/Brotherhood-B...7B/ref=pd_sim_b_1/102-8157765-7776933?ie=UTF8
http://www.amazon.com/109-East-Pala...ef=pd_sim_dbs_b_2/102-8157765-7776933?ie=UTF8
quando não se tem a certeza, antes de passar para os adjectivos, convem tirar as duvidas.
sobre a 1ª rendição do japão, que não foi aceite por não prever a saida do imperador, sendo depois mantido na 2ª que previa a sua saida, mas as bombas já tinham sido usadas e demontrada a superioridade dos usa, logo que possivel...
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